These voltages are optically coupled and electrically isolated to the inputs of the low voltage circuits through the use of low voltage power line optically coupled isolators. Furthermore, the cost of resistors and isolators are much less as **pared to that of the transformers. As well as, the transformer-much less approach is the smaller dimension as **pared with that of transformers to enable a **pact kind issue design. The advantages of this transformer-less te**ique as in **parison with the transformer approach are direct sensing of present and voltage that allows AC energy and vitality measurements for non-resistive hundreds, tamper proof for secure power measurements, **pact sizes, and low costs. The circuit designs for voltage and present sensing's and electrical isolation are disclosed. FIG. 5 is an illustration of circuit for voltage sensing transistor in an emitter follower **figuration with a load resistor co**ed to the emitter. FIG. 1 is an illustration of the smart meter system 50 in accordance with an embodiment. The system and te**ique must be simply implemented, value effective and adaptable to present programs. The tactic includes coupling a minimum of one resistor to a excessive voltage portion of the sensible meter. Accordingly, many modifications could also be made by one among atypical talent within the artwork with out departing from the spirit and scope of the current i**ion.

A key function of the present i**ion is that there is no such thing as a need for a transformer when sensing voltage and current. FIG. 6 is an illustration of circuit for voltage sensing transistor in the open collector **figuration with a load resistor RL 69. An optical transistor 69 has a base terminal B that's optically coupled to the IF LED 66. The emitter terminal E is related to the Vss terminal 71. The collector terminal C is related to the se**d terminal of a resistor RL 69 within the open collector **figuration. FIG. Four is an illustration of circuit for current sensing for the open collector **figuration with a load resistor co**ed to the collector. FIG. 3 is an illustration of circuit des**r current sensing transistor in an emitter follower **figuration with load resistor co**ed to the emitter. FIG. 3 is an illustration of circuit des**r a current sensing portion of voltage and present sensors 39 in the smart meter three of FIG. 2 for a single-phase energy line system. The database could be analyzed to determine optimum power usage and distribution. In so doing, resistors ** be utilized to offer the present or voltage sensing properties of the sensible meter.

By eliminating the transformer the smart meter may be physically smaller, much less pricey and is not going to be tampered as in the case when the transformer core is placed in a saturation **dition. FIG. 2 is an illustration of a wise meter three in accordance with an embodiment. FIG. 1 is an illustration of good meter system. FIG. 2 is an illustration of a wise meter in accordance with an embodiment. In a first aspect a method of sensing current within a sensible meter is disclosed. The method **sists of coupling a resistor voltage divider to a excessive voltage portion of the smart meter. The tactic also **tains optically coupling the excessive voltage portion to a low voltage portion of the smart meter. Using optically coupled isolators, the sensed voltages within the high voltage energy strains are optically coupled and electrically remoted to the low voltage circuits. Circuits for the voltage and current sensing methodology are described utilizing resistors and optically coupled isolators. A transformer-much less method and system for voltage and present sensing utilizing voltage drops throughout resistors is disclosed.

The current i**ion is related usually to meters for measuring energy and extra notably to a smart meter system. The first terminal of a small shunt resistor RS 7 is related in collection with the hot line of power line pair 6 which is a high voltage portion 100; the opposite power line 5 is the impartial **round line. The battery backup 36 permits the detection of power failure in the smart meter 3. The status of the battery backup 36 is reported within the Status register. There may be a need to enhance system efficiency, reliability, testability and manufacturability of the smart meter in the course of the product manufacturing and prototyping. The good meter system 50 **tains a neighborhood server 1 related to a coordinator 2 and smart meters 3 (good meter 1-N). In one embodiment, the local server 1 is co**ed to the coordinator 2 through wires. The good meter system 50 is a many-to-one **rmation **unication topology. That is made possible by optically isolating a high voltage portion of the sensible meter from a low voltage portion. An optical transistor 57 has a base terminal B that's optically coupled to the IF LED which is a low voltage portion 102. The collector terminal C is linked to the VDD terminal 56. The emitter terminal E is related to the first terminal of a resistor RL 58 within the emitter follower **figuration.